Concurrency Afternoon Exercise
Dining Philosophers --- Async
use std::sync::Arc; use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Sender}; use tokio::sync::Mutex; use tokio::time; struct Fork; struct Philosopher { name: String, left_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>, right_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>, thoughts: Sender<String>, } impl Philosopher { async fn think(&self) { self.thoughts .send(format!("유레카! {}에 새로운 아이디어가 있습니다.", &self.name)) .await .unwrap(); } async fn eat(&self) { // Keep trying until we have both forks let (_left_fork, _right_fork) = loop { // 포크를 드세요... let left_fork = self.left_fork.try_lock(); let right_fork = self.right_fork.try_lock(); let Ok(left_fork) = left_fork else { // If we didn't get the left fork, drop the right fork if we // have it and let other tasks make progress. drop(right_fork); time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(1)).await; continue; }; let Ok(right_fork) = right_fork else { // If we didn't get the right fork, drop the left fork and let // other tasks make progress. drop(left_fork); time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(1)).await; continue; }; break (left_fork, right_fork); }; println!("{}님이 먹고 있습니다...", &self.name); time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await; // 여기에 잠금이 해제됩니다. } } static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] = &["Socrates", "히파티아", "플라톤", "아리스토텔레스", "피타고라스"]; #[tokio::main] async fn main() { // 포크 만들기 let mut forks = vec![]; (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len()).for_each(|_| forks.push(Arc::new(Mutex::new(Fork)))); // 철학자 만들기 let (philosophers, mut rx) = { let mut philosophers = vec![]; let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(10); for (i, name) in PHILOSOPHERS.iter().enumerate() { let left_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[i]); let right_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[(i + 1) % PHILOSOPHERS.len()]); philosophers.push(Philosopher { name: name.to_string(), left_fork, right_fork, thoughts: tx.clone(), }); } (philosophers, rx) // tx가 여기에서 삭제되므로 나중에 명시적으로 삭제할 필요가 없습니다. }; // 생각하고 먹게 합니다. for phil in philosophers { tokio::spawn(async move { for _ in 0..100 { phil.think().await; phil.eat().await; } }); } // 생각을 출력합니다. while let Some(thought) = rx.recv().await { println!("의견 보내기: {thought}"); } }
채팅 애플리케이션
src/bin/server.rs:
use futures_util::sink::SinkExt; use futures_util::stream::StreamExt; use std::error::Error; use std::net::SocketAddr; use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream}; use tokio::sync::broadcast::{channel, Sender}; use tokio_websockets::{Message, ServerBuilder, WebSocketStream}; async fn handle_connection( addr: SocketAddr, mut ws_stream: WebSocketStream<TcpStream>, bcast_tx: Sender<String>, ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> { ws_stream .send(Message::text("채팅에 오신 것을 환영합니다. 메시지를 입력하세요.".to_string())) .await?; let mut bcast_rx = bcast_tx.subscribe(); // 동시에 두 작업을 실행하는 연속 루프: (1) `ws_stream`에서 메시지를 수신하여 // 브로드캐스팅하고 (2) `bcast_rx`에서 메시지를 수신하여 // 클라이언트로 전송합니다. loop { tokio::select! { incoming = ws_stream.next() => { match incoming { Some(Ok(msg)) => { if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() { println!("클라이언트에서: {addr:?} {text:?}"); bcast_tx.send(text.into())?; } } Some(Err(err)) => return Err(err.into()), None => return Ok(()), } } msg = bcast_rx.recv() => { ws_stream.send(Message::text(msg?)).await?; } } } } #[tokio::main] async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> { let (bcast_tx, _) = channel(16); let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:2000").await?; println!("포트 2000에서 수신 대기"); loop { let (socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?; println!("{addr:?}의 새 연결"); let bcast_tx = bcast_tx.clone(); tokio::spawn(async move { // 원시 TCP 스트림을 websocket에 래핑합니다. let ws_stream = ServerBuilder::new().accept(socket).await?; handle_connection(addr, ws_stream, bcast_tx).await }); } }
src/bin/client.rs:
use futures_util::stream::StreamExt; use futures_util::SinkExt; use http::Uri; use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader}; use tokio_websockets::{ClientBuilder, Message}; #[tokio::main] async fn main() -> Result<(), tokio_websockets::Error> { let (mut ws_stream, _) = ClientBuilder::from_uri(Uri::from_static("ws://127.0.0.1:2000")) .connect() .await?; let stdin = tokio::io::stdin(); let mut stdin = BufReader::new(stdin).lines(); // 동시에 메시지를 보내고 받는 연속 루프 loop { tokio::select! { incoming = ws_stream.next() => { match incoming { Some(Ok(msg)) => { if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() { println!("서버에서: {}", text); } }, Some(Err(err)) => return Err(err.into()), None => return Ok(()), } } res = stdin.next_line() => { match res { Ok(None) => return Ok(()), Ok(Some(line)) => ws_stream.send(Message::text(line.to_string())).await?, Err(err) => return Err(err.into()), } } } } }