السمات غير المتزامنة (Async Traits)

Async methods in traits are were stabilized only recently, in the 1.75 release. This required support for using return-position impl Trait (RPIT) in traits, as the desugaring for async fn includes -> impl Future<Output = ...>.

However, even with the native support today there are some pitfalls around async fn and RPIT in traits:

  • Return-position impl Trait captures all in-scope lifetimes (so some patterns of borrowing cannot be expressed)

  • Traits whose methods use return-position impl trait or async are not dyn compatible.

If we do need dyn support, the crate async_trait provides a workaround through a macro, with some caveats:

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Speaker Notes

This slide should take about 5 minutes.
  • async_trait is easy to use, but note that it’s using heap allocations to achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead.

  • The challenges in language support for async trait are deep Rust and probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of explaining them in this post if you are interested in digging deeper.

  • Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of time and adding it to the Vec.