可變的靜態變數
您可以放心讀取不可變的靜態變數:
static HELLO_WORLD: &str = "Hello, world!"; fn main() { println!("HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}"); }
不過,讀取並寫入可變的靜態變數並不安全,因為可能發生資料競爭:
static mut COUNTER: u32 = 0; fn add_to_counter(inc: u32) { unsafe { COUNTER += inc; } } fn main() { add_to_counter(42); unsafe { println!("COUNTER: {COUNTER}"); } }
This slide should take about 5 minutes.
-
這裡的程式採用單一執行緒,因此安全無虞。不過,Rust 編譯器較為保守,會設想最糟的情況。請嘗試移除
unsafe
,看看編譯器如何解釋為什麼從多個執行緒變更 static,屬於未定義的行為。 -
Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases where it might make sense in low-level
no_std
code, such as implementing a heap allocator or working with some C APIs.